Improvement in liquid-meters



u. s. MAXIM.

Liquid-Meter.

N0, 16L62L Patented April6,1875.

Fig.1.

M ma "W ATEN'I QF IGE,

llllAll S. MAXIM, OF BROOKLYX, SEW YORK, ASSltlXOlt 01* ONE-HALF ltltill'l TO ALOXZO. T. \YliLC'll, Oh SAME PLACE.

uaPRovEMEMT N LlQUtD-METERS.

S =.-eilieation forming part'ot" Letters Patent No. 56!,62 ll, dated April 6, 1875; application tiled l-t-bruary 10, we. r

To all whom it may ljmlt'l'l'll.

lie it known that .l, lliuau 3. MAXUI, of Brooklyn, l\'iugs county, New York, have invented a liiq-uid-llleter, 01 which the tirrllowing is a specification:

The object of my invention is a cheap and simple water-meter, constructed in such a manner that while its working parts are of brass or composition its outer shell maybe made of cast-iron; also, of such a construction as will prevent thewater from revolving in the tllll'C- lion ot the screw and of a screwshul't, which is lighter than the water in which it runs.

Figure 1 is a vertical central section embodying the improvements in my invention. Figs. 2 and 3 are sections of the hollow shalt as it is applied in ditl'crcnt l'oruis. Fig. 4 is a cross or horizontal section of the square watertrunk through U V. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section through X Y.

A A A is a cast-iron shell, secured together with the screws 1), and divided into two (JUllh part-ments by the partition or diaphragm M M. 13 represents a bonnet or cap, which inoloscs suitable dials and tho accompanying train of gears, which may be made in any oonvonient form, and to register either large or, small quantities, as their use or adaptation may require. The bonnet l is secured to the body of the meter by the screws (t (1-. U U U (shown in elevation, Fig. l, and in section, Figs. 2, 3, and 5) is a hollow shall; or cylinder, made airtight, of thin brassor like metal, having a head in each end, provided witlrsuitablepivots, and with a small pinion, t'or communicating motion through the train of gears to the rogisteriiigindexes. it has also in its lower end, marked 1, a small quantity of hi carbonate ot'soda or supercarhonate ol soda, together with dry tartaric acid, which, when dry, have no olloet on each other, (they may be separated by paper), but when in oonnec tion with water will evolve oarlmnicaeid gas until the pressure within is equal to the press are without, when no more water could sweat in. The object of this is to prevent the water from lilling the .hollow shalt by sweating through the pores of the metal, thus destroying its buoyancy. The main speeilie gravity olthis shalt and its scrmflldades D l) I prefor to be about ninety-live degrees, or a little,

less than the liquid in which it turns, so that when the liquid is flowing slowly in the direction ot the arrows it shall turn on a yery fine point, (shown at K l while, when a larger uantity passes and the movement; is much quicker, it will drop down with the passing current, and rest on'theloweraml largerpivolu Thus a sharp and delicate point is always prev-i served, to be used only when a verysmall quantityol' liquid is passing, and as the shaflil, is only a trilie lighter-than the liquid the re-- sistauce on such apoint is reduced to its minimum. The train of gears being vcrylight and reducing one thousand times or morebet'ore reaching the air-tightjoint c, it will be obvious that a very slight, movement of liquid will turn the screw-shaft U. E 1' E is a brass or composition casting, embracing three separate parts,aud pcrlormingthrcoditlerentfunctions. it constitutes the plate 1'] .15, on which the train of gear is secured, and protects them from thoimpuritics ot' the liquid by dividing oil aportion of the top from the rest of the water-elmtuber. It forms the cylinder G G,

in which the shaft U revolves, and protects it from being thrown to one side by the force of the incomingliquid at N, and its lower end terminates in l'o'urarms, ls l F i which give direetion to the current of liquid, and also holds the ends of the tour vertical internal webs h h h h. M M is a squarepassage-way or trunk, through which the liquid llows, being provided with a disk, which divides the upper and lower portion of the shell A A into two parts, and forms the air-tight packing between the two castings 0t whieh thosholl A is made.

Bl y object in making this trunk square, placing the four webs h It h h in the corners, is to prevent the liquid from revolving in the direction ot'the angle ot the blades of the serew,' as it does when a cylindrical passage is used, thus rendering all meters heretofore made on this principle unreliable and useless, especially when a small stream of liquid is passiu". lly the use of this square trunk or passage I am enabled to prevent the liquid from revolving, oven in minute quantities, and wheh used.

in connection with the light and easy-running screw, it constitutes a water-meter which is simple, accurate, durable, andcheap.

By the foregoing description it will be seen that only every small portion of the meter has to be made of an expensive metal. The outer shell, which requires no boring out, can be ot'cast-iron, and as the force of the water is alike on all sides of the light inside partitions and passage-ways, they can be made quite light.

The liquid to be measured flows in at N, Fig. 1, andis received into the chamber above the partition M M, where, after expending its force against the cylinder G, it passes downward, as shown by the arrows, turns the screw-shaft D, and passes out at O.

The water is prevented from entering the bonnet B by the air-tight joint 0, which is a ground joint, turning freely, and held in its seat by the action of the spiral spring d. f is a crank and arm connection, which communicates mot-ion between the train of gears on the plate E E, and those in the dry bonnet B. I use this peculiar construction to insure perfeet ease in running. It does not require the upper and lower shafts to be in line, and therefore requires less accurate workmanship. I have shown at L, Fig. 3, an inverted cup in place of the pivot J -an arrangement which I prefer to use only when very muddy or dirty water is to be measured as this surrounds liihia'pivot, and no dirt can get into the pivot- Having thus described my improvement,

what I desire to claim as my invention, and

I bination with the acid and carbonateot' soda,

when operating in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore specified and set forth.

3. The combination of the plate l E, cylinder G G, and radial arms F 1*, as set forth, and for the purpose specified.

4. The square trunk M, having the internal vertical webs h h h Ii, for the purpose herein described and set forth.

5. The combination of the air-tight ground joint 0, crank f, and spiral spring, wheirused" for the purpose specified, and in the manner set forth. i

6. The combination of the hollow shai'tC, screw-blades l) J), square"trunk M, vertical webs It h h h, plate l) E, cylinder (lr G, and arm F F, all operating in the manner herein described, and for the purpose set forth. 

